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City Defence Walls
This small museum includes entry to both the Florian Gate (Brama Floriańska) and Barbican (Barbakan), among the few surviving remnants of the citys medieval defence walls. The Florian Gate was once the citys main entrance and dates from the 14th century. The Barbican, a circular ba
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Zoological Gardens
Poznań’s original zoo, and one of the oldest in Poland. Animal lovers can breathe reasonably easily: the oldest enclosures are no longer occupied, with most larger animals having been relocated to the New Zoo. Those that remain include giraffes and zebras in a sizable open space. T
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Synagogue
For centuries Jews lived in the area north of the Rynek. This is also the area where the Germans built their wartime Jewish ghetto, before shipping 25,000 residents to extermination camps in 1942. Not much of the community or the ghetto remains, with the exception of a beautiful 18
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Hill of Three Crosses
Uphill from the parish church, a path to the right leads to the Hill of Three Crosses, where three large crosses stand to commemorate victims of the plagues that swept through the town in the 18th century. Theres some historical debate about the relationship between the crosses and
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Memorial
A park near the train station contains a memorial to the 1939 defence of the town during the German invasion. Hel was the last place in Poland to surrender; a garrison of some 3000 Polish soldiers defended the town until 2 October. The peninsula became a battlefield once more on 5
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Płaszów Labour Camp
The former Płaszów forced-labour and concentration camp was built by occupying Germans during WWII to facilitate liquidation of the nearby Podgórze Jewish ghetto. At its height in 1943–44, the camp held some 25,000 people. These days, almost nothing of the camp survives with the ex
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Citadel Park
This large park is laid out on what was once a massive Prussian fortress. The fortress was involved in one major battle, when the Germans defended themselves for four weeks in 1945; as a result it was destroyed, apart from a few fragments.Today Citadel Park incorporates two museums
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Church
When the monks arrived in Kartuzy they built a church and, beside it, 18 hermitages laid out in the shape of a horseshoe. The church seems to be a declaration of the monks’ philosophy; the original Gothic brick structure was topped in the 1730s with a Baroque roof that looks like a
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Franciscan Church
The Franciscan Church was built (between 1637 and 1655) it was reputedly one of the largest and most beautiful Baroque churches in the country. In 1784, the Austrian Empire abolished the Franciscan order, throwing the church into the hands of fate. It was converted to a hospital, a
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Camaldolese Monastery
Spectacularly located on a peninsula in the lake, in the village of Wigry, is this former Camaldolese monastery, built by the death-obsessed Camaldolese monks soon after they were brought to Wigry by King Jan II Kazimierz Waza in 1667. The whole complex, complete with a church and
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Bastion VII
On the eastern edge of the Old Town is the best surviving bastion from the original city walls. You can take a group walking tour (in Polish only, though English text is available) through the renovated fortifications and casemates, checking out displays of military gear and views
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Phillumenistic Museum
East of the Rynek, the Knights Tower (Baszta Rycerska) was reshaped in the 19th century and turned into the belfry of a Protestant church that had been built alongside it. After WWII the church was occupied by this rather esoteric museum, which displays lighters, matchbox labels an
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National Stadium
This prominent landmark on the east bank of the Vistula was constructed for the Euro 2012 football championships on the site of a defunct communist-era stadium. Its red-and-white patterning references the Polish flag, and the interior can seat 58,000 spectators for either sporting
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Diocesan Museum
This museum has a very good collection of Gothic sacred art, including some marvelous Madonnas and altarpieces, and an extensive display of folk and religious painting on glass.
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Cistercian Abbey
The Cistercian Abbey consists of a church and monastery with a large garden-park behind it. The Cistercians came to Poland in 1140 and founded abbeys around the country, including this one in 1222. The church has a large three-nave interior with a balanced mix of Gothic, Renaissanc
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St Johns Cathedral
Considered the oldest of Warsaw’s churches, St Johns was built at the beginning of the 15th century on the site of a wooden church, and subsequently remodelled several times. Razed during WWII, it regained its Gothic shape through postwar reconstruction. Look for the red-marble Ren
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Tykocin Museum
Tykocins former synagogue, erected in 1642, is considered to be the best-preserved Jewish house of worship in Poland and is home to this highly worthwhile museum. Much of the original interior has been preserved. Adjacent to the former prayer room is a small exhibition containing p
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Sącz Ethnographic Park
About 3.5km southeast of the centre, Sącz Ethnographic Park is one of the largest and best skansens in the country. Houses and other buildings typical of several ethnic cultures from the Carpathian Mountains and foothills are displayed. Visits are in groups guided in Polish; follow
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Kraków Gate
The only significant surviving remnant of the fortified walls that once surrounded the Old Town is the 14th-century Gothic-style Kraków Gate. It was conceived during the reign of Kazimierz III Wielki following the Mongol attack in 1341. It received its octagonal Renaissance superst
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Herbst Palace
Now a branch of the Museum of Art, this building started life in 1875 as a grand villa of the Herbst family. Although the owners fled before WWII, taking all the furnishings and art with them, the interior has been restored and furnished like the original, giving an insight into ho
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